During long steady sessions, heart rate often creeps upward even though pace or power stays the same. This is called cardiac drift, and it explains why heart-rate targets become harder to hit late in a long run.
A main driver is fluid loss and rising body temperature: blood volume available to the heart falls, so stroke volume drops and heart rate rises to compensate
Drift is larger in heat and humidity, and when you are dehydrated
Some coaches compare the first and second half of a steady session (pace-to-heart-rate ratio); a small drift, often quoted as under about 5%, suggests good aerobic durability
Large drift at a modest pace can be a sign that the session was too long, too hot or that fitness is still developing
Example: a steady 90-minute run at 5:30 per km starts at 140 bpm and finishes at 152 bpm. That is about 8-9% drift. If the same run in cooler weather drifts only 3-4%, the difference was largely environmental, not a loss of fitness.