The small muscles inside the foot help support the arch and contribute to stiffness during push-off. They are rarely trained directly, which has raised interest in foot strengthening.
Exercises such as the “short foot” (doming the arch without curling the toes), toe yoga and towel scrunches target the intrinsic foot muscles
Some studies have found that foot exercises or gradual use of minimalist footwear can increase foot muscle size or strength
Whether this reduces injury risk in runners is less clear; evidence is promising but limited
Barefoot or minimalist running should be introduced very gradually, because calf and foot bone loading rise
A five-minute foot routine, three to four times a week: short foot holds 3×10 of 5 seconds, toe yoga (lifting the big toe while the others stay down, then the reverse) 2×10, single-leg balance barefoot 3×30 seconds per side, and slow single-leg calf raises.